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Frequently asked questions
Common questions about UK tax, answered.
About UK Income Tax 2025-26
The UK income tax system uses a tiered band structure. For the 2025-26 tax year, you pay no tax on the first £12,570 of income (your Personal Allowance), 20% basic rate on earnings from £12,571 to £50,270, 40% higher rate on earnings from £50,271 to £125,140, and 45% additional rate above £125,140. National Insurance contributions apply separately — employees pay 8% between the Primary Threshold (£12,570) and Upper Earnings Limit (£50,270), and 2% above that.
Scotland operates its own income tax rates, with six bands ranging from 19% (Starter rate) to 48% (Top rate). Scottish taxpayers earning above approximately £30,000 generally pay more income tax than their counterparts in England and Wales. Use our Scotland tax calculator to compare.
Council tax rates vary significantly by location — from £990/year in Wandsworth (lowest in England) to over £2,600/year in Nottingham. Use our council tax calculator to find your exact rates by borough.